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At a glance: getting a protective injunction

What is it? An injunction is a type of court order protecting you from domestic abuse. The court can also make an order that stops an abusive person from being at or living in the family home. 
Step 1: Check if you can get legal aid to cover the costs of using a family law solicitor to advise you. 
Step 2: If you cannot get legal aid, don’t panic. You can get free help from specialist groups like FLOWS, Rights of Women or NCDV.
Step 3: If you are still struggling to get help, follow the rest of our guide including our example statements to help you write your own. 

If you are in immediate danger, call the Police on 999

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If you are, or have been, experiencing domestic abuse you can get protection from the family court.

There is a type of court order called an 'injunction' that can protect you from domestic abuse. There are various steps to take to get this protection. But don't be put off, there is help out there. This short guide explains where you can get more help and gives you an overview of what you need to do and how to do it. 

Injunctions in the family court 

An injunction is a court order that tells someone they must not do something. If the person does not follow the order, they may be committing a criminal offence. 

When it comes to the family court and domestic abuse, a type of injunction called a ‘non-molestation order' can be made to protect one person from abuse by another person who they are or were in a relationship with or who they are related to.

Another protective order, called an ‘occupation order', deals with who lives at or goes to the family home. The court can order that the other person has to move out or stay away from the home, for a set period of time. If you have left because of the abuse or been forced out, the court can order that the other person has to leave so that you can go back. The court can also make orders about who should pay rent or the mortgage while the order is in force. 

If the court makes a non-molestation order you are protected from the other person in the ways described in the order. If the other person does not follow the order, once they know about it, the police can arrest them. If they are convicted for breaching the order, they will have committed a criminal offence. The court can order them to pay a fine or be sent to prison for up to five years or both.  

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FL401 guidance - Really helpful advice, thank you so much!

SA

Excellent step by step guide - I have used this guide to help my step daughter to apply for an order. It has made a difficult situation so much easier for both of us. We have a telephone hearing tomorrow ..... fingers crossed, thank you.

CL

Domestic abuse means any abusive behaviour by one person towards another person, where those two people are in an intimate relationship or are relatives. The abuse can be: 

  • physical or sexual,
  • violent or threatening behaviour,
  • controlling or coercive behaviour,
  • economic, 
  • psychological or emotional.

Abuse can happen via tech and online as well as in real life. Some examples of tech abuse are abusive messaging online, tracking you with spyware, demanding access to your devices and online accounts or sharing intimate images online without your consent.

To apply for an injunction in the family court you have to show a close connection with the other person. The law calls this being ‘associated’ with each other. You need to show at least one of the following situations: 

  • you are or have been married to each other or engaged,
  • you are or have been civil partners or agreed to form a civil partnership, 
  • you live together as a couple, or you did live together as a couple,
  • you live together or did live together in the same house such as in a house share (but not as an employee, lodger, boarder or tenant),
  • you are relatives (for example, siblings, parents, grandparents),
  • you have or have had an intimate personal relationship with each other which is or was of significant duration,
  • you have a child together or you share or shared parental responsibility for child,
  • you are involved in the same family court proceedings about the same child. 

To work out if you should apply for this kind of order you need to get some legal advice.

You might be entitled to legal aid from a family law solicitor so before you do anything else make sure you find a solicitor to look at your finances and assess you for legal aid. Try not to be put off by the process – there is help out there!

  • Look at the Resolution website for a family law solicitor near you. But make sure they do legal aid as not all firms do. Look for the green tick below their name.
  • Do call round various solicitors to ask for an appointment about domestic abuse and to be assessed for legal aid. They will usually try very hard to fit you in as soon as possible when you explain your problem is about domestic abuse and you feel unsafe. You can use the GOV.UK legal aid calculator to get an indication as to whether you may be able to get legal aid, but it can’t give you a final answer - you need a legal aid lawyer to help with this.

If you are entitled to legal aid your solicitor will do all the work for you and support you through it. This will be far better for you than trying to do it by yourself. That is why it is really important to find out if you are entitled to legal aid.

Be aware, that sometimes people who are eligible for legal aid need to pay a contribution to the costs of their case.

Next steps 

If you are able to pay for advice or get legal aid you do not need to read the rest of this guide. You just need to work with your solicitor to get the protection you are entitled to.

Go to the next section for more help if you: 

  • cannot afford a solicitor, 
  • cannot get legal aid, or, 
  • can get legal aid but cannot afford the contribution you have been told you need to pay.
     

If you can't get legal aid

If you can’t get legal aid, can’t afford a contribution or can’t afford a solicitor you need to get some free legal advice to decide if you should apply for an injunction yourself.  

Try and find a local solicitor who specialises in family law and who will give you a one-off free advice session. Alternatively, you can contact organisations that specialise in applying for injunctions. They should be able to help you for free.

Organisations that specialise in applying for injunctions

FLOWS

  • FLOWS at RCJ Advice is a free legal advice service for women. FLOWS has a team of dedicated staff who can provide you with detailed information about injunctions, can help you decide whether you need to apply for one and can also advise you on the correct steps to take. You can contact the FLOWS team by phone and email.
  • FLOWS can also link you to their online tool, CourtNav. CourtNav will ask you questions that will then complete the application and the supporting statement for an injunction. Throughout CourtNav there is supporting guidance and help text to guide you through the process.
  • Your application will be checked by a family law solicitor, who can provide you with online legal advice to ensure that your application is ready for court.

If you get help from FLOWS you don't need to read the rest of this guide. They will take you through the process, step by step.

The National Centre for Domestic Abuse

The National Centre for Domestic Violence can advise you over the phone and can often help you through the whole process for free. This service is for anyone at risk of or suffering domestic abuse regardless of their financial situation, ethnicity, gender or sexuality.

Rights of Women

Rights of Women has a helpline that is run by lawyers in their own time. They have two helplines - so make sure you call the right one for you. There is one for women living in London and a different one for women living outside London.

If you are advised by one of these organisations to ask the court for an injunction but you cannot get help to do this, go on to step 3.

To apply for an injunction, you need to: 

  • fill in a FL401 form, and, 
  • write a supporting statement. 

The practicalities

Your application needs to be made at your local family court, as soon as you can after the last incident of abuse, so that you are protected as soon as possible.

The form you need to use to apply for either a non-molestation order, an occupation order, or both, is called the FL401 form. There is no court fee to pay for this form.

The form comes with guidance on how to fill it in. Read this carefully before you start.

You can print the form and hand write your answers or you can fill in your answers on the screen. Do whichever you feel more comfortable with. If you want to hand write your answers but you don’t have a printer you can get a free copy of the form from your nearest family court.

When you have done your form, you need to write your statement. We talk about this in the next section. 

Next, you have to do your supporting statement. This is like a long letter which gives all the background information to the court that it needs to decide whether or not to make the order you are asking for in your FL401 form. The court sees your form and statement. Be aware that the other person will see both documents too. This can a really scary thought but unfortunately there is no way around it.

We have helped with this part as it can be particularly hard to know how to do this. By now, you should have done your application form and decided what order or orders you are applying for. So, if you are applying for just a non-molestation order you need to go to the next section. If you are applying for a non-molestation order and an occupation order you need to go to the section after.

Alternatively, there is now a template statement form on the GOV.UK website that you can use.

This section is for you if you are doing the FL401 form to apply to the family court for only a non-molestation order. If you are going to apply for a non-molestation order and an occupation order you need to look at the section called How to write your statement for your FL401 form to apply for a non-molestation order and an occupation order.

On the left, is information to help you write your statement for the family court. It tells you all the things you should try to put in your statement and how to begin.

On the right is Sarah-Jane’s statement that she has written to support her FL401 form to apply for a non-molestation order. We have included it to show you what sort of details about your own situation you should include in your statement.

Only use this as a guide. Make sure you make your statement personal to you.  

Front page of your statement

Statements for the court need to be set out in a particular way with information in the top right hand corner and then the details of the case set out like we have done here.

The case number is the unique number given to your case when you take your application to the court.  They will add it and then it will be on all future court documents.

The words in your statement need to be double spaced (for less confident computer users, you do this on MS Word by selecting the Home tab and selecting the line spacing option 2.0) and must only be printed on one side of the paper.

Where it says ‘Sitting at’ you need to add the name of your local court.

Statement of the Applicant: S-J Coombs

Statement no: 1

Exhibits: 1

Dated: 28/2/26

                                                  

 

IN THE FAMILY COURT    

SITTING AT.................................

CASE NUMBER:

IN THE MATTER OF THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 PART IV

BETWEEN:

 

Sarah-Jane Coombs

                                                                 Applicant

                               and

 

Michael James Thompson

                                                               Respondent

 

 

FIRST STATEMENT OF THE APPLICANT

 

 

Introduction

Explain who you are and who the person you want the order against is. 

You must include the words in bold on the right, but they do not need to be in bold in your statement. 

Say how you are related, for example by saying you are applying for an order against your husband or ex-partner. If your address is confidential don’t put it here. Say it is confidential and you have given it to the court (you do this using the C8 form).

Explain what order you would like the court to make. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After the first paragraph you need to number all the paragraphs.

Explain where you both live. If your address is confidential you can just give some details such as

I live in a two bedroom flat, the address of which is confidential, that is rented in my sole name.

Give brief details of any children - full names, dates of birth, who their parents are and where they live / who they live with. Add in any details about health, special educational needs or disabilities that might be relevant. 

I, Sarah- Jane Coombs, of 2 Regent Road, London, make this statement believing the contents to be true and knowing that it will be placed before the court as evidence

I make this statement in support of my application for a non-molestation order against my ex-partner, the respondent, Michael James Thompson. 

 

 

 

I seek an order in the following terms: 

The respondent must not: 
a) contact or try to contact or communicate with the applicant in any way or by any means, and
b) go to or enter any place where the applicant lives or is staying, visiting, or working. 
 

 

 

 

  1. I live at the above address. This property is rented in my sole name.  The respondent was living with me for around two and half years. He is staying at his mother’s home at the moment.
  2. There are no children of the relationship.

History of your relationship

Explain how you met and how long you have been a couple. Give dates here if you possibly can. Even rough dates help to paint a picture for the court.  

Explain when you first noticed his/her behaviour change and become more controlling or explain how it was controlling from the start. Give plenty of examples.

This might feel really embarrassing but the more details you give on paper the clearer the situation will be for the Judge which will help him or her to make a decision more easily.

  1. The respondent and I met through friends just over three years ago. We started dating almost immediately. At first the respondent was charming, fun and attentive. After about 5 months of seeing each other he needed somewhere to stay for a bit. I was renting my own small flat so I agreed he could come and stay while he worked things out.
  2. As soon as he moved in things started to go downhill. He didn’t want to go out with our friends anymore. When I wanted to go out without him it would lead to an argument so gradually I stopped going out. When I was out without him, for example at work or doing a food shop he would call me all the time to see what I was doing and ask me who I was with.
  3. He would like to go shopping with me and pick clothes out. I noticed he started to tell me what clothes I should wear. If I wore the ones he didn’t like he shouted at me. He would say I wanted other men’s attention and would question my commitment to him and our future together.
  4. He seemed to suffer from mood swings.  When he was in a bad mood he would be really critical of me. If I suggested that he cook for a change or do things around the flat he would say I was getting lazy and relying on him too much. During arguments he would call me a lazy bitch and a tart tell me I had no one but him now. Occasionally, during arguments, if he was near me he would shove me or squeeze my face as he went past.
  5. I felt isolated as he discouraged me to see friends and I have no family in London. After arguments he would always be so apologetic I would forgive him. He would be sweet and attentive again for a while. However, he would still control my every move by constantly demanding to see my phone so I could prove I wasn’t seeing someone else. 

Incidents of abuse / violence / serious threats of violence

Give details of first or early occasions when you remember he/she was actually violent or threatened violence towards you.

Again, the more details you can give the better as it will help the court understand what has been happening.

You are unlikely to be able to remember each and every incident of controlling, abusive or violent behaviour. It is fine to say this. If you can remember any dates or even just the month or year that will help the court a lot. Do try and include the early ones to explain how things developed. Then include the worst incidents and then at the end add in the most recent to bring it right up to date for the court. You can put in headings to show the different incidents to help the judge.

  1. I cannot remember the exact date when the respondent was first violent towards me. I remember it was last summer and I had cooked a nice dinner. I somehow upset the respondent and he was already in a bad mood about work. He suddenly grabbed his plate that was full of food and threw it at the wall. I was shocked and very scared. He was shouting abuse at me. And I told him he had to stop. He kept shouting and backed me into the tiny kitchen against the cupboard. I remember he screamed in my face ‘or what?’ and then grabbed me around the neck tightly. I was trying to scream and gasping for breath. He loosened his grip and I pushed him away but then he grabbed my upper arm really hard and held me back. I was screaming and crying begging him to let me go.
  2. After this occasion the respondent was apologetic and went to stay with his mum for about 5 days. In the end we started messaging again and then he came back after promising he would get some help about his anger and spend more time with friends instead always being with me or in the flat alone.  Things got better for about two or three months. He would still shout at me and lash out, by kicking the door for example, but not as often.

Incidents of abuse / violence / serious threats of violence - most serious incident

It might be that for you there have been lots of similar very serious incidents.  It is best to make sure you give lots of details on what you remember as the most or some of the most serious incidents.  This will make it clear to the court how dangerous the other person is and what he or she has the potential to do when made angry for example, by you applying to the court for protection.

If you have any evidence to support what you are saying, do explain it and put copies at the end of your statement.

You might have crime reference numbers if you reported events to the police. You might have photos of injuries or GP records or letters. If the other person is threatening or abusive online you might have screenshots of messages.
 

 

  1. On Boxing Day he had argued with his dad and drunk too much. We went back to my flat and he was out of control. He punched the wall, leaving marks and kicked the telly. He smashed a candle holder and a picture frame. I told him I would call the police or that a neighbour would. He just laughed in my face and then he grabbed me by the hair and dragged me across the room and chucked me onto the sofa. I was terrified of what he would do next. I was crying and screaming and trying to cover my face with my arms. Then he punched me several times about my body then stormed out. As he went he grabbed my phone from the sideboard and threw it against the tiled floor causing it to smash and break.
  2. I called the police from my neighbour’s phone and they came to the flat a few hours later. They took details and arrested him and released him on bail. In the end I couldn’t face the thought of him going to prison so I refused to help with the rest of the investigation and they dropped the case.

Most recent incident/s of abuse / actual violence or serious threats of violence.

The most recent incident or few most recent incidents are the usually the most important as it is these which the court will rely on for making an order to protect you.

Include as much detail as you can, such as:

  • when it happened,
  • where it happened,
  • what happened,
  • who did what,
  • if anyone else saw anything,
  • if anyone helped you. 

It is good to include any incidents where other people saw or heard how the other person was behaving towards you, even if what they saw wasn’t as serious as things that have happened between you behind closed doors. This is because they can support what you are saying. Other people are independent (outside the relationship) and could act as witnesses for you.

If there are any witnesses ask if they will help you by doing a witness statement and by coming to court if the judge asks them to answer questions about what they saw or heard. 

  1. The respondent stayed away for a while after this. I told him the relationship was over. He would not accept this and I found it hard to stand up to him. He would come over with gifts and flowers and a take away and we would talk and it would be like it was at the start.  Gradually over the weeks I started to think perhaps he had changed. He told me he had seen his GP and wanted us to work. About three weeks ago he moved back in on a trial basis. He hated staying at his mum and dad’s and had nowhere else to go. I understood this and agreed to give it another go. He seemed more relaxed and I felt happier - not walking on egg shells anymore.
  2. 4 days ago I worked a bit late and went out from work with some friends. I saw I had 11 missed calls from him. I was surprised as I had told him what I was doing in the morning and so I called him back. As I was on the phone I saw him come round the corner of the beer garden. He looked almost possessed. I said to my friend that he was coming and that I was scared of what he would do. He came up to me and started shouting at me. Then he grabbed my wrist and pulled me away telling me we had to go and that he had been so worried about me. He forced me into a cab he had waiting outside the pub garden and we went home.
  3. We argued some more in the flat as I was so angry at how he had embarrassed me in front of my work friends and even my boss. He seemed to get angrier and angrier and as I tried to go to the bedroom to get away from him he followed me along the little hallway and pushed me against the front door.  He grabbed me by my hair to twist me around to face him and then hit me across the face. I tried to push him off me. He then grabbed me by the neck and held me up against door. I couldn’t breathe. He finally let go and I fell on the floor.
  4. Later that night he left and said he was going to his mum’s for a bit but that he would be back home soon. As he went he said I needed to remember it wasn’t over, that he would never leave me, that he would always know where I was and what I was doing.

What prompted you to apply to the court

It is important that you tell the court what action you have taken since the most recent incident.  This explains what / who has encouraged you to apply.  If you have reported the matter to the police make sure you say this in your statement. Add in crime reference numbers or log numbers if you have them. Set out whether there are any bail conditions and/or criminal proceedings. Include what the bail conditions are and when they are likely to expire.

Tell the court about anyone who has encouraged you to apply. Examples include:

  • The police might have referred you to local specialist charities or organisations for support.
  • It might have been the police who told you make your application or a friend who has some experience of the situation you are in has suggested it.
  • It could be that you have had advice from a family law solicitor, but are now doing this without their help. 

If the other person is harassing you by phone or text the court will probably ask you what you have done to change your number.  If the other person is harassing you online the court will ask if you have blocked them or even closed that account. 

  1. I am terrified of him and what he might do next. I feel completely controlled and trapped by him. The relationship is over and I want the respondent to end his abusive behaviour to me, but I do not want him to go to prison. I just want to feel safe in my home and at work. I have changed by phone number and am seeking support from local domestic abuse charity. 
     

Explain why this order is necessary 

Explain why other possible solutions such as a warning letter would not be enough to protect you or why bail conditions are not in force – for example you don’t want to report the issue to the police or you have and they haven’t taken any action or there are no bail conditions in place. 

If you are asking for a without notice order say this here and give the reason or reasons why.

A reminder of the reasons is here:

The court can hear your application and make an order without the other person knowing, if it thinks you will be at risk of significant harm if the order is not made straight away. (Be aware that your application and statement still get seen by the other person when they get given the court order).

If you would be put off from applying for an order if it is not made straight away, then you can give this as a reason. You might well be put off from applying if the other person is told about the hearing before because you won’t be protected until the order is made and given to the other person.

Another reason you can give is that you think the other person knows you are planning to apply for an order and will try to make sure they are not given the court paperwork. This is called 'evading service' and this would cause delay in you getting the protection you need.

Be aware that you are only protected by the order once it has been given to the other person.

The court decides whether or not the order should be made without the other person being told about it first.

This means that if the court decides the other person should be told in advance you will both need to go to the hearing where the court will then decide what order to make.

Special measures 

Finally, explain what special arrangements (called ‘special measures’ by the court) could be put in place to help you feel safer about going to court. For example, separate entrances and exits, separate waiting rooms, a screen in the court room so that you cannot see your ex or be seen by them.

 

  1. I respectfully suggest that it would not be safe, given the respondent’s recent behaviour for me to send him a warning letter. I cannot afford to ask a solicitor to do this on my behalf and I have had some initial free legal advice where I was told given the violence involved, a warning letter would not be appropriate. 
  2. I respectfully request that the court grant me the order without notice being first given to the respondent. I am terrified of what the respondent may do next. If he found out I had applied to court for an order against him and we both had to wait for a hearing date, I am certain he would be violent to me again given his recent violent behaviour. I would be too afraid of him to apply on notice and wait for weeks for a hearing date.
  3. I respectfully request that arrangements be made at court so that I can use a different entrance and exit at court as I am terrified of what he might to do when no court staff are nearby. I would also like to avoid sitting in the same waiting room if possible. 

 

You must include this - without it the court can decide not to allow the statement to be used as evidence which means it can be ignored.

 

I understand that proceedings for contempt of court may be brought against anyone who makes, or causes to be made, a false statement in a document verified by a statement of truth without an honest belief in its truth.

I believe that the facts stated in this form and any continuation sheets are true.

You must sign and date your statement

Signed……………………….

Dated………………………..

Exhibit front sheet

If you want to give the court any extra documents to support your statement, you will need a ‘front sheet’ set out like this example.  

Print this and then put whatever document (or documents) you want behind it and put it at the end of your statement.

Make sure you number all the pages of your statement when you finish.

Just a few examples of extra documents you may want to give to the court are medical records, photos of injuries, or letters in support from a social worker.  If you have abusive emails, texts or messages via social media apps it is a good idea to print these off and attach them as exhibits. 

Statement of the Applicant: S-J Coombs

Statement no: 1

Exhibits: 1

Dated: 28/2/26

                                                            

 

 

IN THE FAMILY COURT    

SITTING AT ...................

CASE NUMBER

IN THE MATTER OF THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 PART IV

BETWEEN:

 

Sarah-Jane Coombs

                                                                 Applicant

                               and

 

Michael James Thompson

                                                               Respondent

 

 

EXHIBIT ‘SJC1’

 

This section is for you if you are doing the FL401 form to apply to the family court for a non-molestation order and an occupation order.

On the left, is information to help you write your statement for the family court. It tells you all the things you should try to put in your statement and how to begin.

On the right is Sarah-Jane’s statement that she has written to support her FL401 form to apply for a non-molestation order and an occupation order. We have included it to show you what sort of details about your situation you should include in your statement.

Only use this as a guide. Make sure you make your statement personal to you.

Front page of your statement

Statements for the court need to be set out in a particular way with information in the top right hand corner and then the details of the case set out like we have done here.

The case number is the unique number given to your case when you take your application to the court.  They will add it and then it will be on all future court documents.

The words in your statement need to be double spaced (for less confident computer users, you do this on MS Word by selecting the Home tab and selecting the line spacing option 2.0) and must only be printed on one side of the paper.

Where it says ‘Sitting at’ you need to add the name of your local court

Statement of the Applicant: S-J Coombs

Statement no: 1

Exhibits: 1

Dated: 28/2/26

                                             Case number:      

 

IN THE FAMILY COURT    

SITTING AT.................................

CASE NUMBER

IN THE MATTER OF THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 PART IV

BETWEEN:

 

Sarah-Jane Coombs

                                                                 Applicant

              and

 

Michael James Thompson

                                                               Respondent

 

 

FIRST STATEMENT OF THE APPLICANT

 

Introduction

Explain who you are. You must include the words in bold on the right, but they do not need to be in bold in your statement.

Say who the person is that you want the order against and how you are related, for example by saying you are applying for an order against your husband or ex-partner.

 

Explain what order you would like the court to make.

 

 

 

 

Here is the standard wording for the occupation order.

 

 

 

 

Don’t forget to include the final sentence if you want the other person to be arrested by the police if he or she does not follow the order.

Without this the police cannot arrest the other person and you would have to go back to the family court to enforce the order. 
 

After the introduction and details about the order you are asking the court to make, you need to number all the paragraphs.

Give brief details of any children - full names, dates of birth, who their parents are and where they live / who they live with. Add in any details about health, special educational needs or disabilities that might be relevant. 

You cannot keep an address confidential if you are applying for an occupation order. This is because an order cannot be made to prevent someone from being somewhere or going somewhere if they don’t know where it is.

I, Sarah- Jane Coombs, of 2 Regent Road, London, make this statement believing the contents to be true and knowing that it will be placed before the court as evidence.

I make this statement in support of my application for a non-molestation order and an occupation order against my ex-partner, the respondent, Michael James Thompson.

 

I seek a non-molestation order in the following terms:

The respondent must not: 
a. contact or try to contact or communicate with the applicant in any way save via his mother to make child arrangements, and
b. go to or enter any place where the applicant is working.  

I also seek an occupation order in the following terms:

a. the respondent shall not occupy 2 Regent Road, London,
b. having left 2 Regent Road, London, he shall not enter or attempt to enter the property or go to or travel on Regent Road between the junction at New Street and the junction at Collins Street.

A power of arrest is attached to all paragraphs of the occupation order.
 

 

 

 

  1. I live at the above address. This property is rented in our joint names from a private landlord. The respondent was living with me for nearly three years. He is currently staying at his mother’s house.
  2. I have two children who both live with me. My eldest child, Lily Rose Coombs (D.o.B: 5.6.17) is 10 years old. Her father is Alastair Peters. I separated from Lily Rose’s father when she was 4 years old. Unfortunately I do not know his whereabouts. My youngest child, Jasmine Claire Thompson (17.1.25) is just one year old. The respondent is Jasmine’s father. 

History of your relationship

Explain how you met and how long you have been a couple. Give dates here if you possibly can. Even rough dates help to paint a picture for the court.  

Explain when you first noticed his/her behaviour change and become more controlling or explain how it was controlling from the start. Give plenty of examples.

This might feel really embarrassing but the more details you give on paper the clearer the situation will be for the Judge which will help him or her to make a decision more easily. 

  1. The respondent and I met through friends just over three years ago over Christmas 2023. We started dating almost immediately. At first the respondent was charming, fun and attentive. In May 2024, after about 5 months of seeing each other he needed somewhere to stay for a bit. I was renting my own small flat so I agreed he could come and stay with my daughter Lily Rose and I, while he worked things out.
  2. Soon after he moved in I found out I was pregnant. He was delighted by the news and talked about us all being a proper family together with the baby. I was worried that things were moving too fast but he reassured me that everything would be fine. He was keen to have his name added to the tenancy. He persuaded me to arrange for my landlord to create a new joint tenancy in both our names. I agreed as he said it would make it our family home and of course that was what I wanted for my daughter and the baby.
  3. About a month or two after I found out I was pregnant things started to go downhill. He didn’t want to do anything anymore, saying it would be better for the baby if I rested at home. When I wanted to go out anywhere it would lead to an argument about how I wasn’t putting him and the baby first so gradually I stopped going out. When I was out without him, for example at work, or doing a food shop, he would call me all the time to see what I was doing and ask me who I was with.
  4. I noticed he started to tell me what clothes I should wear. If I wore the ones he didn’t like he shouted at me. He would say I wanted other men’s attention and would question my commitment to our future together with the baby. Whenever I bought anything for Lily Rose or spent any money on her like a little treat he would criticise me and tell me I needed to save my money for our child.
  5. He seemed to suffer from mood swings. When he was in a bad mood he would be really critical of me. If I suggested that he cook for a change or do things around the flat he would say I was getting lazy and relying on him too much. During arguments he would call me a lazy bitch and a tart and tell me I had no one but him now. Occasionally, during arguments, if he was near me he would shove me or squeeze my face as he went past. As the months past and my bump grew he would tell me I was getting fat and that I needed to make more effort with my appearance. I felt as though I could do nothing right.
  6. I became emotional and tired easily and Lily Rose picked up on this. She would cry when she saw I was upset and tell me how she didn’t like it when the respondent shouted at me. She took to hiding under the table when he got angry.
  7. I felt more and more isolated as friends stopped getting in touch and I have no family in London. After arguments he would always be so apologetic I would forgive him. He would be sweet and attentive again for a while. However, he would still control my every move by constantly demanding to see my phone so I could prove I wasn’t seeing someone else. Things got a bit better when Jasmine was born in January 2025. He was so happy to be a dad and I hoped things would settle between us, and we would be happy as a family of four.
  8. Through 2025 there were times when the respondent would get very angry and push me around. This would usually happen when the children were asleep. He would start an argument about how all I was interested in was the baby and Lily Rose. I would try and calm him down and then get away from him by going to the bedroom. This would make him worse and he would hit the door or kick a chair and push me back to sit on the sofa and listen to him. I was desperate to protect the girls from his behaviour and so I would beg him to stop and do whatever he asked. Then he would calm down and it would be ok again for a few weeks or even a few months. 

Incidents of abuse / violence / serious threats of violence

Give details of first or early occasions when you remember he/she was actually violent or threatened violence towards you.

Again, the more details you can give the better as it will help the court understand what has been happening.

You are highly unlikely to be able to remember each and every incident of controlling, abusive or violent behaviour. It is fine to say this. If you can remember any dates or even just the month or year that will help the court a lot. Do try and include the early ones to explain how things developed. Then include the worst incidents and then at the end add in the most recent to bring it right up to date for the court. You can put in headings to show the different incidents to help the judge.

  1. I cannot remember the exact date when the respondent was first violent towards me. I remember it was last summer and I had cooked a nice dinner. I somehow upset the respondent and he was already in a bad mood about work. He suddenly grabbed his plate that was full of food and threw it at the wall. I was shocked and very scared. Both the children were at the table and were terrified. He was shouting abuse at me. And I told him he had to stop as he was scaring us all. He kept shouting and backed me into the tiny kitchen against the cupboard. I remember he screamed in my face ‘or what?’ and then grabbed me around the neck tightly. I was trying to scream and gasping for breath. He loosened his grip and I pushed him away but then he grabbed my upper arm really hard and held me back. I was screaming and crying begging him to let me go. The children witnessed the whole thing.
  2. After this occasion the respondent was very apologetic and went to stay with his mum for about 10 days. I remember that after seeing what the respondent did, the children were extremely clingy and Lily Rose refused to let me out of her sight. For days after, she would cry and scream when I left her at school.
  3. In the end the respondent and I started messaging about the children and then he came back after promising he would get some help about his anger and spend more time with the children and his friends, instead always being in the flat. Things got better for about two or three months. He would still shout at me and lash out, by kicking the door for example, but not as often.

Incidents of abuse / violence / serious threats of violence - most serious incident

It might be that there have been lots of similar, very serious, incidents.  It is best to give lots of details on what you remember as the most, or some of the most, serious incidents.  This will make it clear to the court how dangerous the other person is and what he or she has the potential to do when made angry. This shows why you are applying to the court for protection. 

If you have any evidence to support what you are saying, do explain it and put copies at the end of your statement.

You might have crime reference numbers if you reported events to the police. You might have photos of injuries or GP records or letters. If the other person is threatening or abusive online you might have screenshots of messages. 
 

  1. On Boxing Day he had argued with his dad and drunk too much. We went home and after the children went to bed he lost control. He punched the wall, leaving marks and kicked the tv. He smashed a candle holder and a picture frame. The noise woke the children and I could hear them crying in their room. I told him I would call the police or that a neighbour would. He just laughed in my face and then he grabbed me by the hair and dragged me across the room and chucked me onto the sofa. I was terrified of what he would do next. I was crying and screaming and trying to cover my face with my arms. Then he punched me several times about my body then stormed out. As he went he grabbed my phone from the sideboard and threw it against the tiled floor causing it to smash and break.
  2. After he left I went straight to see the children who were curled up in Jasmine’s bed together. They were crying and shaking. I took them to my neighbour’s and called the police from my neighbour’s phone. The police came to the flat a few hours later. They took details and arrested him and released him on bail. In the end I couldn’t face the thought of Jasmine’s father going to prison so I refused to help with the rest of the investigation and they dropped the case.

Most recent incident/s of abuse / violence or serious threats of violence.

The most recent incident or a few of the most recent incidents are the usually the most important as it is these which the court will rely on for making an order to protect you.

Include as much detail as you can, such as:

  • when it happened,
  • where it happened,
  • what happened,
  • who did what,
  • if anyone else saw anything,
  • if anyone helped you. 

It is good to include any incidents where other people saw or heard how the other person was behaving towards you, even if what they saw wasn’t as serious as things that have happened between you behind closed doors. This is because other people are independent (outside the relationship) and can support what you are saying. They may also be called as witnesses.

If there are any witnesses ask if they will help you by doing a witness statement and by coming to court if the judge asks them to answer questions about what they saw or heard. 

  1. The respondent stayed away for a while after this. I told him the relationship was over. He would not accept this and I found it hard to stand up to him. He would come over with gifts for the children and flowers and a take away and we would talk and it would be like it was at the start. Gradually over the weeks I started to think perhaps he had changed. He told me he had seen his GP to get some help and wanted us to work. Jasmine particularly missed him and would ask for him regularly. About three weeks ago he moved back in on a trial basis. He didn’t like staying at his mum’s. I understood this and agreed to give it another go. He seemed more relaxed and I felt happier - not walking on egg shells anymore.
  2. 4 days ago I had a colleague’s leaving drinks to go to after work. The respondent’s mum had agreed to pick up the girls from school and nursery for me and have them over night. While I was out I saw I had 11 missed calls from the respondent. I was surprised as I had told him what I was doing in the morning and so I called him back. As I was on the phone I saw him come round the corner of the beer garden. He looked almost possessed. I said to my friend that he was coming and that I was scared of what he would do. He came up to me and started shouting at me. Then he grabbed my wrist and pulled me away telling me we had to go and that he had been so worried about me. He forced me into a cab he had waiting outside the pub garden and we went home.
  3. We argued some more in the flat as I was so angry at how he had embarrassed me in front of my work friends and even my boss. He seemed to get angrier and angrier and as I tried to go to the bedroom to get away from him he followed me along the little hallway and pushed me against the front door. He grabbed me by my hair to twist me around to face him and then hit me across the face. I tried to push him off me.  He then grabbed me by the neck and held me up against door. I couldn’t breathe. He finally let go and I fell on the floor.
  4. Later that night he left and said he was going to his mum’s for a bit but that he would be back home soon. As he went he said I needed to remember it wasn’t over, that he would never leave us, and that he would always know where I was and what I was doing.
  5. The next day I went to work and my friend persuaded me to contact the police, which I did. Later that day when I was due to leave I found him waiting just outside for me. He said he would meet me at work every day from now on as it would be good to be together more. He has met me after work and walked me home each day since the incident. I have changed my mobile number so he can’t call me or text me. When he realised this he just laughed in my face and told me he knows where I am all the time so what was the point.

What prompted you to apply to the court

It is important that you tell the court what action you have taken since the most recent incident.  This explains what / who has encouraged you to apply.  If you have reported the matter to the police make sure you say this in your statement.  Add in crime reference numbers or log numbers if you have them.

If other people have helped you, include information about that. For example:

  • The police might have referred you to local specialist charities or organisations for support.
  • It might have been the police who told you make your application
  • or a friend who has some experience of the situation you are in has suggested it. 

It could be that you have had advice from a family law solicitor, but are now doing this without their help. 

If the other person is harassing you by phone or text the court will probably ask you what you have done to change your number.  If the other person is harassing you online the court will ask if you have blocked them or even closed that account. 

 

  1. I am terrified of him and what he might do next. I feel completely controlled and trapped by him.
  2. The police have opened a file but they have told me to apply to the family court for a non - molestation order. 

The occupation order

Here you need to give details to the court about:

  • the housing needs and resources of you, the other person and any children
  • the financial needs of you and the other person
  • the likely impact of any order, or any decision not to make an order, on you, the other person and any children
  • your and the other person’s behaviour to each other and any children.

You will have already given details about the other person’s behaviour so you just need to focus on the other points in the list.

If you have a copy of the tenancy agreement or evidence about how you own the home (such as a copy of the land registry record for the home or a mortgage statement addressed to you both) it is useful to attach this to your statement for the judge to see. That way the judge will be clear about who has what legal rights in relation to the home.


 

  1. I also request that the court grant me an occupation order. The respondent is a joint tenant at the family home. I exhibit at ‘SJC1’ a copy of the tenancy agreement. 
  2. The police tell me he is allowed to come and go as he pleases. He has said he will come back home soon. He has his own key and can let himself in and be violent to me whenever he wants. I am terrified that he will come back to live with us at any time. 
  3. If an occupation order is not made to stop the respondent from coming to the home, I fear that I will be in serious danger and the children will witness more abuse.
  4. If the occupation order is made the respondent will have to continue to live at his mother’s home, where he is already. He works full time in a well-paid role so he will be able to afford to rent somewhere by himself if he wants to.
  5. The respondent can live with his mum as she has a three bedroom house. We, on the other hand have nowhere else to go. Our flat has been Lily Rose’s home for 7 years. I don’t want her to face any more upheaval or stress by having to move. I am the main carer of both the children and I need two bedrooms for us all, unlike the respondent. Also, as I have been a tenant here for a long time I have a low rent because the landlord says I am a reliable tenant. I work part time and would not be able to afford current rents somewhere else near Lily Rose’s school and Jasmine’s nursery.
     

Explain why this order is necessary 

Explain why other possible solutions such as a warning letter would not be enough to protect you or why bail conditions are not in force – for example you don’t want to report the issue to the police or you have and they haven’t taken any action or there are no bail conditions in place.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Without notice - applying without your ex being told about the application first 

If you are asking for a without notice order, say this here and give the reason or reasons why.

The different reasons are listed here:

The court can hear your application and make an order without the other person knowing, if it thinks you will be at risk of significant harm if the order is not made straight away. (Be aware that your application and statement still get seen by the other person when they get given the court order).

If you would be put off from applying for an order if it is not made straight away, then you can give this as a reason.  You might well be put off from applying if the other person is told about the hearing before because you won’t be protected until the order is made and given to the other person.

Another reason you can give is that you think the other person knows you are planning to apply for an order and will try to make sure they are not given the court paperwork. This is called evading service, and this would cause delay in you getting the protection you need.

Be aware that you are only protected by the order once it has been given to the other person.

The court decides whether or not the order should be made without the other person being told about it first.

This means that if the court decides the other person should be told in advance you will both need to go to the hearing where the court will then decide what order to make.

Special measures at court to protect you 

Finally, explain what special arrangements (called ‘special measures’ by the court) could be put in place to help you feel safer about going to court. For example, separate entrances and exits, separate waiting rooms, a screen in the court room so that you cannot see your ex or be seen by them. 

 

  1. I respectfully suggest that it would not be safe, given the respondent’s recent behaviour for me to send him a warning letter. I cannot afford to ask a solicitor to do this on my behalf and I have had some initial free legal advice where I was told given the violence involved a warning letter would not be appropriate.
  2. The respondent is a joint tenant at the family home. I exhibit at ‘SJC1’ a copy of the tenancy agreement. The police tell me he is allowed to come and go as he pleases. He has said he will come back home soon. He has his own key and can let himself in and be violent to me whenever he wants. I am terrified that he will come back to live with us at any time.
  3. If an occupation order is not made to stop the respondent from coming to the home, I fear that I will be in serious danger and the children will witness more abuse.
  4. If the occupation order is made the respondent will have to continue to live at his mother’s home, where he is already. He works full time in a well-paid role so he will be able to afford to rent somewhere by himself if he wants to.
  5. The respondent can live with his mum as she has a three-bedroom house. We, on the other hand have nowhere else to go. Our flat has been Lily Rose’s home for 9 years. I don’t want her to face any more upheaval or stress by having to move. I am the main carer of both the children, and I need two bedrooms for us all, unlike the respondent. Also, as I have been a tenant here for a long time, I have a low rent because the landlord says I am a reliable tenant. I work part time and would not be able to afford current rents somewhere else near Lily Rose’s school and Jasmine’s nursery.

 

 

I respectfully request that the court grant me the order without notice being first given to the respondent. I am terrified of what the respondent may do next. If he found out I had applied to court for an order against him and we both had to wait for a hearing date, I am certain he would be violent to me again given his recent violent behaviour. I would be too afraid of him to apply on notice and wait for weeks for a hearing date.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I respectfully request that arrangements be made at court so that I can use a different entrance and exit at court as I am terrified of what he might to do when no court staff are nearby. I would also like to avoid sitting in the same waiting room if possible.

You must include this wording - without it, the court can decide not to allow the statement to be used as evidence which means it can be ignored by the court when it makes its decision. 

I understand that proceedings for contempt of court may be brought against anyone who makes, or causes to be made, a false statement in a document verified by a statement of truth without an honest belief in its truth.

I believe that the facts stated in this form and any continuation sheets are true.

You must sign and date your statement.

Signed……………………….

Dated………………………..

Exhibit front sheet

If you want to give the court any extra documents to support your statement, you will need a ‘front sheet’ set out like this example.  

Print this and then put whatever document you want behind it and put it at the end of your statement. If you have several documents it is helpful to do several front sheets.  So, for example, you could do a front sheet for any maps and then another one for a different type of document such as any photos of injuries.

Just a few examples of extra documents you may want to give to the court are medical records, copies of abusive texts, WhatsApp messages or emails from the other person or letters in support from a social worker.

Make sure you number all the pages of your statement and any exhibits when you finish. 

Statement of the Applicant: S-J Coombs

Statement no: 1

Exhibits: 1

Dated: 28/2/26

                                                      Case number:      

 

 

IN THE FAMILY COURT    

SITTING AT.................

CASE NUMBER

IN THE MATTER OF THE FAMILY LAW ACT 1996 PART IV 

BETWEEN:

 

Sarah-Jane Coombs

Applicant

and

 

Michael James Thompson

Respondent

 

 

EXHIBIT ‘SJC1’

 

 

Getting all your paperwork organised

  • Keeping your address private - if you don't want the other person to see your contact details, you need to do an extra form with your details that is just for the court staff to see and use. This includes your address, unless you are asking the court to make an order that stops the other person from coming to the address. The form you need is a C8 form. Remember not to include any confidential details in any court documents, other than the C8 form. 
  • If you are applying for an occupation order you need to send a copy of the application (form FL401) to your landlord and then let the court know you have done this by filling in form FL415 and sending it to the court where you are making your application. 
  • Letting the other person know about the order - if the court makes the order that you have asked for, your application, statement and the order need to be personally given to the person you have applied to have the order made against. Lawyers call this ‘personal service’. You must not do this yourself as this will put you in danger. You can ask the court to get the court bailiff to personally give the documents or ‘personally serve’ the other person. You do not have to pay for this, but you do have to fill in a form to ask the court to arrange it – form D89. This can be rather slow though. There is another option – you could use someone called a ‘process server’ who can serve the documents on your ex personally. You have to pay for this, but the National Centre for Domestic Violence help with this by offering process serving services for a fixed fee
  • Copies of your documents - you need three copies of all your documents to either send or take to court. One for the court, one for you and one for the other person. 

Starting your application at court 

  • Take all the paperwork to your local family court as soon as possible. Or your local court may accept them by email. You can find emails and addresses for your local court by using the GOV.UK find a court or tribunal service. If you email them, put 'urgent injunction application' in the title. There is no fee to pay at the court for this application. If you have moved and your address is confidential you can consider applying to a different court but you need to think about where you apply and any practical issues around getting to another court for any hearings. You will also need to explain to the court why you are applying to a different court. 
  • Without notice applications - if you have asked for an urgent hearing without the other person knowing about it - called a 'without notice' hearing, a judge will look at your application that day as long as it is processed by the court staff by 4pm or the next day if it is after 4pm. The judge may make a decision by just reading your application or they may want you to go into the court room and answer some questions. The judge can do one of the following: 
    • Make the order you have asked for and arrange for another hearing where the other person can come and put their version of events to the court at a later date, within the next 28 days. This is called the ‘return date’. 
    • Make an order that you need to come back the next working day when there will be more time for the judge to hear your evidence and make a decision based on what you say. 
    • Refuse to make the order without the other person knowing about it and instead arrange another hearing at a later date that the other person will be told about in advance.
  • On notice applications – if you don’t ask for a hearing without the other person being there, the court staff will arrange a hearing date within the next 21 days for you both to attend. If you would feel safer, you can ask to attend by video call or to sit behind a screen in the court room so the other person cannot see you.

Practicalities

  • Many courts can make special arrangements for you to feel and stay safe when going to court. Ring your court about this as each court is different. You might also find this short film about special arrangements at court helpful.
  • Take a friend or family member for moral support if you can. Often you have to wait a long time for the court to process your application. Also, if you don’t have a lawyer, you can ask for someone else to go into the court room with you for support.
  • Arrange childcare if you have children - it is best not to take children with you if at all possible. Depending on how busy it is at court you might need someone else to pick up your children from school or nursery. If you have to take your children with you, try to take another adult too so they can look after them in the waiting area while you go into the court room. 
  • Some bigger courts have a Support Through Court office. Staff there can help you find out where you need to go and what you need to do next. They cannot give legal advice but can give practical support to help you at court.

When an order is made 

  • The order will have a set end date but can be in place for quite some time – often 6 months or 12 months. 
    You will be given a copy – keep it safe! 
  • The court bailiff will arrange to personally give a copy of the order to the other person. They must tell the court when they have done this as this is when the order is in force – when you are protected. They will also tell you or a member of court staff will tell you. They will also tell the police who will keep a record of the order on their system. Or you can ask the National Centre for Domestic Violence to help you with this, if you can afford their process server fee
  • Once they have been given the order, the other person must follow it. If they fail to do so, this is called a ‘breach’. 
  • You need to report any breaches to the police urgently so they can deal with them. If you are in danger, call 999 or if the danger has passed, called 101. 
  • Make a note of the details of the breach – what happened, when (date and time), if there were any witnesses. 

How can I stop my ex from being abusive to me? 

The family court can make an order to protect you. Often this order is called an injunction. The precise legal name is a 'non-molestation' order. It protects you from abuse, violence or harassment from someone you are closely connected to like an ex or a family member. 

What is the difference between a non-molestation order and an occupation order?

A non-molestation order is an injunction that protects you from abuse, violence, or harassment from someone you are closely connected to – like your partner, your ex or a family member. An occupation order states who is allowed to live at, enter, or who must stay away from the family home. For more help on this go to What is an injunction? 

Who can I get a protective court injunction against?

To apply to the family court, you must have a close connection with the other person. The law calls this an ‘associated person’. This could be your husband or wife, your civil partner, someone you live with, a close relative, or someone you have a child with or have been in an intimate relationship with. For a list, go to Who you can get a protective injunction against

Can I get a family court injunction for free?

Yes. There is no court fee required to apply for an injunction using court form FL401. If you can get legal aid, a family law solicitor can advise you and guide you through the whole process without you having to pay their costs.  

What can I do if I can't get legal aid but can't afford a solicitor?

FLOWS at RCJ Advice or the National Centre for Domestic Violence can help – go to Step 2 for more help.

Can I apply for an injunction without the abuser knowing beforehand?

Yes. You can request a ‘without notice’ order. The court can grant protection immediately if it believes you face a significant risk of harm or that waiting for a hearing that the other person is told about in advance would put you off from applying altogether. Another reason you can ask the court to make the order without the other person knowing about the application beforehand is if you think they know you are planning to apply and will do all they can to avoid being given the court order, which in turn would stop you from being protected. 
 

Disclaimer

The information in this guide applies to England and Wales and is for general purposes only. The law is different in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

The law is complicated. We have simplified things in the guide. Please don't rely on this guide as a complete statement of the law or as a substitute for getting legal advice about what to do in the specific circumstances of your case.

Acknowledgements

This guide was updated thanks to funding from the Ministry of Justice via the Online Support and Advice grant. Advicenow would like to thank all those who gave their time and expertise to this update, particularly Lucy Jones-Clarkson of Beck Fitzgerald.

       

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